It is somewhat common for men and women to split on political ideologies, but this year that divide seemed to widened. The growing gender divide was a global phenomenon that played out in politics and romantic relationships during 2024. Echo chambers on social media and feelings of political alienation on both sides of the divide have expanded the distance between the two groups, especially among Generation Z.
A growing ideological chasm
Men and women have historically leaned right and left, respectively, but the ideological divide among the youngest voters, Generation Z, has become more pronounced than in other generations. Backlash toward gender equality and feminist movements may be drawing more young men aged 18 to 29 worldwide. "There is a growing concern among young men that maybe DEI [diversity, equity, and inclusion] is going too far," Alice Evans, a senior lecturer at King's College, said to The Guardian. Some men "question if women's gains are coming at the expense of them."
The findings of a March 2024 Ipsos study echoed that shift. With data samples from around the world, including Australia, Brazil, France, Germany, Japan, South Korea and Turkey, researchers found that regarding gender equality, those aged 18 to 29 had the most significant differences of opinion between the sexes.
The shifts in ideologically opposing directions for men and women under 30 are creating a complex generation that can skew either conservative or liberal on various issues. Due to that "great gender divergence," Gen Z is more like "two generations, not one," the Financial Times said. "Tens of millions of people who occupy the same cities, workplaces, classrooms and even homes no longer see eye to eye." Gallup data in the U.S. shows that after decades of being spread nearly equally, "women aged 18 to 30 are now 30 percentage points more liberal than their male contemporaries." That gap "took just six years to open up."
There could be several factors exasperating that chasm, including DEI initiatives, the #Metoo movement, the loneliness epidemic and draconian abortion laws taking effect post-Roe v. Wade. Social media echo chambers, like the manosphere, are also having an impact on the increasingly political gender wars.
"It's social media filter bubbles and cultural entrepreneurs," Evans said to the Guardian. People can "self-select into their preferences," and the "corporate algorithm kicks in to keep you hooked," feeding you content similar to what users like you watched. This has led to the "siloing of spaces, the erosion of shared experiences and resentment of gender equality efforts," which will cause "huge, intractable problems that go beyond the latest election cycle," the Guardian said.
The gender divide played out in politics
In the U.S., the divide among young voters became a central concern going into the 2024 Presidential election. President-elect Donald Trump's campaign embraced many groups who felt alienated by the Democrats, including young men. With his impending return to the White House, commentators urged the Democratic party to "confront a historic shift in voting patterns" this year, which saw "Latinos, the working class and Black men all shift rightwards in 2024," said the Guardian.
Perhaps the most striking shift was among young men as "men aged between 18 and 29 turned out in force for Trump." Trump's victory over this cohort is "one part of an unprecedented phenomenon across the world" in which the "politics of a single generation has split across the gender divide." Trump's "seismic win" among young men was "mirrored almost inversely by Kamala Harris' huge, 18-point win among young women."
The U.S. is not unique in that regard: "Political polarization between the genders has been growing among young people across the globe." South Korea's 2022 presidential election showed a wider gap between men and women voters among those aged 18 to 29 related to votes for the conservative-leaning People's Power party. Similar patterns emerged within that age range in the 2024 U.K. general election and in recent surveys of German voters.
Eroding interpersonal relationships
The social ramifications of this phenomenon manifested in declining fertility rates and fewer marriages, creating economic issues that have inspired governments worldwide to intervene. Many have launched efforts to encourage couples to have more children, with policies targeting the cost of childcare and housing shortages.
In America, the "heightened salience of gender" in 2024 has been "readily evident in the immediate aftermath of the election," said ABC News, as many people believed the "parties' messages pitted men against women." Far-right commentator Nick Fuentes went viral using the phrase "your body, my choice," which had "taken hold as a post-election victory cry" among young men.
On the other hand, some women on social media embraced the South Korean 4B movement. The women of that movement have sworn off men, choosing to abide by four principles: no sex, no childbirth, no dating and no marriage. Whether this drastic approach will take hold stateside remains to be seen, but the gender divide shows little signs of closing soon.
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